Dinámica Solar

Y esto se lo he pillao a la web de la NASA. Es un pdf de 20 mb AVISO. Habla sobre como varía la constante solar y su relación con el clima. Es de esta tal Judith lean de la que se habla en el artículo.

Enlace a pdf de 20 Mb

http://eospso.gsfc.nasa.gov/ess20/docs/lean_pres.pdf

Científicos del Global Oscillation Network Group detectan un patrón de similitud en las tormentas solares,

...
A few years ago, some preliminary observations linked a solar flare to a large magnetic disturbance that seemed to have spiraled up from below the sun's surface. So a team of researchers examined data for 20 more big flares to determine if the same pattern preceded them. It did. The evidence showed a magnetic "twisting that started fast and slowly decreased to almost nothing as the flare occurred," says space scientist and lead author Alysha Reinard of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in Boulder, Colorado.

The team suggests in an upcoming paper in The Astrophysical Journal that the spirals result from subsurface turbulence in the sun's superhot gases--the equivalent of what happens on Earth when turbulent winds whip up tornadoes and hurricanes.

Reinard says the team has studied data from 1023 magnetic spirals that occurred between 2001 and 2007. In about one-third of the cases, she says, the magnetic vortices preceded a flare--sometimes up to 3 days before it erupted. But for unknown reasons, in the remaining cases the twisting did not presage a flare. Despite that uncertainty, she says, "We are confident that this is the breakthrough we need to understand why flares erupt and to be able to predict them."
...

Some Solar Storms Start With a Twist

Enlace al GONG

aunque sea brevemente mencionaré el funcionamiento de la rotación diferencial,

este fenómeno se produce por el par de fuerzas que se crean en un cuerpo girando sobre un eje de precesión, girando la superficie en sentido contrario a la rotación del eje de precesión,


bajo este supuesto tenemos 4 posibles situaciones, precesión sobre el "norte" en un sentido, precesión en el norte en el otro sentido, precesión en el sur en un sentido, y precesión en el sur en el otro,

estas cuatro situaciones explican la inversión de los polos, la predominancia hemisférica de las manchas según ciclos, y la inversión de polaridad de las manchas,

también es muy posible que la precesión esté relacionada con el movimiento relativo del sol respecto del centro de masas del sistema solar,

(notando que no es un sólido rígido)
Unperturbed chandler motion and perturbation theory of the rotation motion of deformable celestial bodies

wikipedia precesión
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mec%C3%A1nica_del_s%C3%B3lido_r%C3%ADgido

ON AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION IN THE PLANAR ELLIPTIC RESTRICTED THREE–BODY PROBLEM

Ecuaciones de Hill

Laboratory results for high Rayleigh number convection in a rotating cylinder heated from below are presented. Time series of temperature fluctuations reveal: (a) There is a large-scale overturning meridional cell that precesses in the retrograde direction (opposite to the direction of the basic rotation) when viewed from the coordinates attached to the container. This precessing cell is prevalent at low to medium basic rotation rates, but is suppressed when the thermal Rossby number becomes less than about one half. (b) The temperature fluctuations at the centerpoint of the apparatus display a transition from nearly exponential, to Gaussian, then back to toward an exponential probability density function as the Taylor number is raised. The Rayleigh number required for Gaussian statistics is of order 1010. As the Rayleigh number increases, the Taylor number interval over which nearly Gaussian statistics are found becomes wider. These findings agree with previous turbulent rotating convection experiments at lower Rayleigh number in which Gaussian statistics were not observed. ©2002 American Institute of Physics.

Mean flow precession and temperature probability density functions in turbulent rotating convection


(este otro añadido tampoco está mal:

...
That churning motion must necessarily create frictional heat losses. Some of the kinetic energy of rotational motion must be converted into frictional heat, which means there would be less remaining kinetic energy of rotation. This would imply a gradual slowing of the rotation rate. In the process, the amount of rotational angular momentum would also decrease, but that would go into the turbulence eddies.
...

http://mb-soft.com/public/sunrotat.html (tiene otros artículos curiosos)

en este foro he encontrado algo de información sobre la inclinación del eje,

Solar Rotation

una inclinación de 7,25º respecto de la elíptica, lo que indudablemente induce un movimiento de precesión, y con ello, además de la rotación diferencial debido a la rotación, está el diferencial de rotación interno y externo,
internamente la rotación es en el mismo sentido que el giro de precesión, mientras que en superficie es en sentido contrario.

trayectoria del baricentro del sistema solar

L'EFFET DU SOLEIL SUR LE CLIMAT


periodicidad,

The paper discusses the Sun's motion around the barycentre of the Solar System determined by the ever-changing dispositon of the planets over approximately 2000 years. Files of high-quality data taken from international sites were used in common personal computers. The Sun shows a repetitive behaviour, where an apocycle (ApC, decennial period in which the Sun moves very far from the barycentre) is followed by a pericycle (PeC, decennial period in which the Sun moves very near the barycentre) and by another ApC, etc. Periodicities exist in the short period (supercycles, SpC, lasting about 40 years and made of two sequences ApC-PeC, each lasting 20 years), in the mean period (phases comprising a sequence of 4 to 5 SpC, then lasting approximately 160 or 200 years respectively, mean value 180 years), and in the long period (hypercycles, IpC, consisting of two phases, lasting approximately 360 or 400 years). During one phase, the successive ApCs start opposed to each other in ecliptical coordinates and end nearly superimposed; during the following phase the ApCs start superimposed one over the other and end opposed to each other in ecliptical coordinates. The phase length, whose mean value is about 180 years, is very near the modulation of the maxima of the sunspot cycle (178.7 years). The periodicities found are modulated mainly by the alignment of Jupiter, or by both Jupiter and Saturn, with the Sun and the barycentre of the Solar System.

Moto del Sole intorno al baricentro del sistema solare

Acoplamiento entre la rotación solar y los vientos solares (geomagnetismo)

This paper deals with three characteristics of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), important for solar wind–magnetosphere coupling and related to solar rotation: the IMF azimuthal component, the IMF total magnitude, and the handedness or the sense of rotation of magnetic clouds. The IMF configuration is described by Parker's Archimedian spiral model (Astrophys. J. 128 (1958) 664) under the assumptions of a purely radial solar wind with a constant velocity emanating from a uniformly rotating Sun. In situ measurements confirmed this general picture, but a systematic deviation from the predicted IMF winding angle was found, supposedly exhibiting a 11-year periodicity. We account for the non-uniform solar rotation and compare the observed IMF azimuthal component to the one calculated from Parker's formula with the measured equatorial solar rotation rate. We find that the differences between the calculated and measured IMF azimuthal component and the winding angle have a clear 22-year dependence on the solar polarity cycle, matching the 22-year periodicity in solar rotation rate rather than on the 11-year sunspot cycle. Our results are an observational confirmation of the validity of the model of Fisk (J. Geophys. Res. 101 (1996) 15547) for heliospheric magnetic field with footpoint motions due to solar differential rotation. Solar differential rotation is also an important element of the solar dynamo which is responsible for the generation of the solar magnetic field. We compare the different periodicities in the variations in the latitudinal rotation gradient of the two solar hemispheres and show that the IMF which is an extension of the solar coronal field, is related to the differential rotation in the more active solar hemisphere. Another feature related to solar differential rotation that is persistently different in the two solar hemispheres is the prevailing magnetic helicity, which is carried to the Earth by magnetic clouds preserving the helicity of the source region of their origin. The reaction of the magnetosphere to magnetic clouds is determined mainly by the presence or absence of a prolonged period of southward IMF component. We show that it also depends on the helicity of the clouds, and compare the effects of right- and left-handed magnetic clouds on geomagnetic activity.

Solar rotation and solar wind–magnetosphere coupling

momento angular Sol-SSB (SolarSystemBaricenter)
http://www.landscheidt.info

aunque sea brevemente mencionaré el funcionamiento de la rotación diferencial,

Bueno, eso no es rotación diferencial, yo diría que lo que has explicado es la precesión del eje de rotación. La rotación diferencial es que partes del objeto rotan a distinta velocidad angular.

si, bueno, no me quería quedar solo en una parte,

conservación del momento angular, tanto en latitud, como en profundidad, lo que da lugar a osciladores caóticos de flujos turbulentos

(de todas maneras es verdad que me "despisté" al escribir el mensaje  )

En este gif se puede ver la evolución del campo magnético del sol en una franja de los 70º S a los 70º N a lo largo del tiempo. Fijarse como en el año 2000 la polaridad cambia.

 

no, en el 2000 no cambia,
(el número de abajo creo que es el número de rotación carrington, la fecha la tienes corriendo en la parte superior del gráfico   )

(muy interesante ese gráfico)

corrijo: Si, En el 2000 está en proceso de inversión, la que se produce en el máximo, 1999 empieza con una polaridad, y 2001 la otra,
pero es un proceso que se produce en cada ciclo, también de 1978 a 1980, de 1988 a 1991

Se ha iniciado un discusión entre los de siempre en solarcycle24 que me parece interesante.
Todo ha empezado con un nob que ha expuesto una hipótesis muy destacable.

http://solarcycle24com.proboards.com/index.cgi?board=general&action=display&thread=845

Creo entender que el Sol en su paso por la vía lactea está atravesando el plano de la galaxia y que en esta región se presupone más rellena de materia interestelar.
Más o menos viene a decir que al entrar en esta región la helioesfera se comprime. Al comprimirse aumenta la densidad del espacio dentro de ella y por lo tanto todo se calienta. El sol tambien se estaría calentando, y al ser un iman al calentarse pierde fuerza magnética.

Aporta estos datos como destacables:
- Disminución de la heliopausa tamaño de aproximadamente 20-30% desde mediados de 1990
- Campo magnético del Sol se redujo un 30% desde mediados de 1990
- El campo magnético de la Tierra disminuyó en un 10-15% desde 1860
- 20% de disminución en la presión del viento solar desde mediados de 1990
- 20% de disminución en la densidad del viento solar desde mediados de 1990
- 13% de disminución en la temperatura del viento solar desde mediados de 1990
- 0,02% de disminución de la luminosidad del Sol (longitudes de onda visibles) desde 1996
- Descenso del 6% de la luminosidad del Sol (longitudes de onda UV) desde 1996
55 años baja en emisiones de radio solar.
Parece interesante aunque sea un aficionado.

Muy buenas. Os dejo una interesante noticia.

Solar 'Current of Fire' Speeds Up

What in the world is the sun up to now?

In today's issue of Science, NASA solar physicist David Hathaway reports that the top of the sun's Great Conveyor Belt has been running at record-high speeds for the past five years.

"I believe this could explain the unusually deep solar minimum we've been experiencing," says Hathaway. "The high speed of the conveyor belt challenges existing models of the solar cycle and it has forced us back to the drawing board for new ideas."

The Great Conveyor Belt is a massive circulating current of fire (hot plasma) within the sun. It has two branches, north and south, each taking about 40 years to complete one circuit. Researchers believe the turning of the belt controls the sunspot cycle.

Hathaway has been monitoring the conveyor belt using data from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). The top of the belt skims the surface of the sun, sweeping up knots of solar magnetism and carrying them toward the poles. SOHO is able to track those knots—Hathaway calls them "magnetic elements"--and thus reveal the speed of the underlying flow.
 
"It's a little like measuring the speed of a river on Earth by clocking the leaves and twigs floating downstream," Hathaway explains.
SOHO's dataset extends all the way back to 1996 and spans a complete solar cycle. Last year, Lisa Rightmire, a student of Hathaway from the University of Memphis, spent the entire summer measuring magnetic elements. When she plotted their speeds vs. time, she noticed how fast the conveyor belt has been going.

A note about "fast": The Great Conveyor Belt is one of the biggest things in the whole solar system and by human standards it moves with massive slowness. "Fast" in this context means 10 to 15 meters per second (20 to 30 miles per hour). A good bicyclist could easily keep up... Aquí hay más...